Last updated: July 12, 2026
The information provided on johnnychoe.ca is intended for general educational and informational purposes only. By accessing or using this website, you acknowledge and agree to the terms outlined on this page.
General Information Only
The articles, newsletters, videos, illustrations, calculators, examples, and other materials published on johnnychoe.ca are provided to help readers better understand Canadian personal finance, investments, registered accounts, retirement planning, insurance, and related financial topics.
Although every reasonable effort is made to provide clear and useful information, website content is general in nature. It does not consider your individual financial situation, objectives, investment knowledge, risk tolerance, time horizon, tax position, insurance needs, or personal circumstances.
No Financial, Investment, Tax, Legal, or Accounting Advice
Nothing published on this website should be interpreted as personalized:
- Financial advice
- Investment advice
- Securities advice
- Insurance advice
- Tax advice
- Legal advice
- Accounting advice
The information on this website is not a substitute for advice from a qualified professional who has reviewed your complete circumstances.
Before making an investment, insurance, tax, retirement, estate, or other financial decision, you should consult the appropriate licensed or qualified professional.
No Client or Advisory Relationship
Visiting this website, reading its content, downloading a resource, submitting a contact form, subscribing to a newsletter, or communicating with Johnny Choe does not automatically create a client, advisory, fiduciary, or contractual relationship.
A formal investment or insurance relationship is established only after all required documentation, identity verification, regulatory requirements, disclosures, suitability assessments, agreements, and approvals have been completed and accepted by the applicable financial institution or firm.
No confidential, sensitive, or time-critical instructions should be submitted through a general website form.
Professional and Dealer Disclosure
Johnny Choe is an Investment Funds Advisor and Mutual Funds Representative with Investia Financial Services Inc.
Where investment products or investment services are offered, they are provided through Investia Financial Services Inc., subject to applicable registration, dealer, compliance, suitability, and account-opening requirements.
Insurance products and insurance-related services, where offered, are separate from mutual fund dealer activities and are provided through the applicable licensed insurance channel.
Educational content, general financial information, publishing activities, and commentary appearing on johnnychoe.ca do not necessarily represent the opinions, recommendations, or positions of Investia Financial Services Inc., product manufacturers, insurers, fund companies, or other organizations mentioned on this website.
Availability of products and services may depend on registration status, province or territory, eligibility requirements, and the policies of the applicable provider.
No Offer or Solicitation
Website content does not constitute an offer, recommendation, endorsement, or solicitation to buy, sell, hold, or exchange any security, investment fund, insurance policy, financial product, or other financial instrument.
References to a particular product, investment, company, fund, strategy, account type, insurer, or financial institution are provided for educational purposes unless specifically identified otherwise.
No transaction should be completed solely on the basis of information found on this website.
Investment Risk
All investments involve risk. Investment values may increase or decrease, and investors may lose some or all of the money they invest.
Mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, stocks, bonds, and other market-based investments are not guaranteed unless a specific guarantee is expressly provided by the issuer and described in the applicable legal documents.
Investment returns, distributions, interest rates, fees, tax treatment, and market conditions may change over time.
Before investing, review the applicable prospectus, fund facts, ETF facts, policy contract, disclosure documents, fees, risks, and other required materials.
Past Performance
Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Historical returns, market examples, hypothetical illustrations, projections, case studies, or sample calculations are not promises or estimates of the results that any particular person will receive.
Actual outcomes may differ because of market movements, investment selection, fees, taxation, timing, withdrawals, contributions, personal circumstances, and other factors.
Hypothetical Examples and Calculations
Examples and calculations presented on this website may use simplified assumptions for educational purposes.
They may exclude taxes, fees, commissions, fund expenses, inflation, transaction costs, penalties, changes in government benefits, changes in legislation, or other factors that could affect a real financial decision.
Examples involving fictional individuals or families are illustrative only. Any resemblance to an actual person, household, client, or financial situation is coincidental unless clearly stated otherwise.
Tax and Government Program Information
Canadian tax rules, contribution limits, government benefits, registered-account rules, and program requirements may change.
Information concerning the Canada Revenue Agency, Service Canada, federal or provincial benefits, registered plans, pensions, grants, credits, or deductions should be confirmed using current official government information.
Individual tax outcomes depend on personal circumstances. Readers should consult a qualified tax professional before acting on tax-related information.
Accuracy and Timeliness
Reasonable efforts are made to ensure that information is accurate at the time of publication. However, laws, regulations, tax rules, government programs, financial products, fees, interest rates, market information, and administrative practices can change without notice.
Johnny Choe and johnnychoe.ca do not guarantee that all information will always be complete, accurate, current, or suitable for every reader.
Publication and update dates are provided when appropriate. Readers remain responsible for confirming important information before making a decision.
Errors may occasionally occur. Corrections may be made at any time without prior notice.
Third-Party Information and External Links
This website may contain links to government websites, financial institutions, fund companies, insurers, regulators, professional organizations, news publications, software providers, social media platforms, and other third-party websites.
External links are provided for convenience and additional information. Their inclusion does not necessarily represent an endorsement, recommendation, partnership, or approval.
Johnny Choe and johnnychoe.ca do not control and are not responsible for the availability, accuracy, security, privacy practices, content, products, services, or policies of third-party websites.
Readers access external websites at their own discretion and should review the terms and privacy policies of those websites.
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johnnychoe.ca may display third-party advertisements, including advertisements delivered through services such as Google AdSense.
The appearance of an advertisement does not mean that Johnny Choe or johnnychoe.ca recommends, approves, guarantees, or has personally reviewed the advertiser, product, service, claim, or offer.
Advertisements may be selected and delivered automatically based on factors determined by the advertising provider.
Readers are responsible for conducting their own research before purchasing or using any advertised product or service.
Sponsored content, paid partnerships, affiliate relationships, or other material financial relationships will be identified when applicable.
Conflicts of Interest
Johnny Choe may receive compensation when a client purchases or holds an eligible investment or insurance product through the applicable firm or provider.
The form and amount of compensation may vary by product and arrangement. Applicable fees, commissions, referral arrangements, conflicts of interest, and compensation disclosures will be provided as required during the formal advisory or transaction process.
Where a specific article or communication involves a material relationship or financial interest that could reasonably influence the content, an additional disclosure may be included with that content.
Intellectual Property
Unless otherwise stated, original articles, text, graphics, branding, downloadable materials, and other original content published on johnnychoe.ca are owned by Johnny Choe and are protected by applicable copyright and intellectual-property laws.
Content may be shared through the website’s designated sharing functions or quoted in limited portions with proper attribution and a link to the original page.
Content may not be copied, republished, sold, modified, distributed, translated, or used commercially without prior written permission, except where permitted by law.
Third-party names, trademarks, logos, images, and materials remain the property of their respective owners.
Website Availability and Security
No website or electronic communication system can be guaranteed to operate without interruption, delay, error, or security risk.
Johnny Choe and johnnychoe.ca do not guarantee that the website will always be available or free from viruses, malware, technical problems, unauthorized access, data loss, or other harmful components.
Readers are responsible for using appropriate devices, software, security measures, and judgment when accessing online content.
Limitation of Liability
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, Johnny Choe and johnnychoe.ca will not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, punitive, or other loss arising from:
- The use of or reliance on website content
- A financial or personal decision made using website information
- Errors, omissions, delays, or outdated information
- Investment losses or missed opportunities
- Tax consequences
- Actions of third-party providers or advertisers
- External websites or resources
- Website interruptions, technical problems, or security incidents
You are responsible for obtaining appropriate professional advice and independently evaluating information before acting on it.
Nothing on this page is intended to exclude or limit liability that cannot legally be excluded or limited under applicable law.
Privacy
The collection, use, retention, protection, and disclosure of personal information submitted through this website are addressed in the website’s Privacy and Cookie Policy.
By using this website, you should also review that policy to understand how website forms, analytics, cookies, advertising technologies, and third-party services may process information.
Changes to This Legal Notice
This Legal Notice and Financial Disclaimer may be revised periodically to reflect changes to the website, business practices, regulations, services, or legal requirements.
The revised version becomes effective when it is published on johnnychoe.ca. The “Last updated” date at the top of the page indicates the most recent revision.
Governing Law
This website and this Legal Notice and Financial Disclaimer are governed by the applicable laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada.
Any dispute relating to the website or its content will be subject to the jurisdiction of the courts located in Ontario, except where applicable law requires otherwise.
Contact
Questions concerning this Legal Notice and Financial Disclaimer may be submitted through the Contact page on johnnychoe.ca.
Please do not send account instructions, transaction requests, passwords, government identification numbers, banking information, medical information, or other highly sensitive personal information through the general website contact form.